A Revolution in the Structure and Meaning of Relativity through Nakaza's New Relativity Theory (NNRT)

Nakaza's New Relativity Theory (NNRT) takes universal time and universal space, the physical equivalence of all inertial frames, the Galilean transformation (GT), and Newton's laws of motion as the basis of real motion. The existence of time and space belongs to a different level from the values measured by clocks, length standards, and electromagnetic waves. By giving this distinction explicit axiomatic and operational form, NNRT constructs the Lorentz transformation (LT) as an electromagnetic observation map between two inertial frames and a gravitational observational metric as a set of observation relations for electromagnetic waves, matter waves, and clocks under the action of gravitational sources and accelerated motion. Building on the first paper [6], which developed the mathematical structures of round-trip light measurements, normalization of the wave operator, phase transport, observational coframes, and matter waves, the present paper focuses on a transformation of the foundational principles by which relativity is constructed, placing those principles within NNRT. Specifically, Newton's laws, the composition of real and observed velocities, relativistic effective interactions, GPS atomic clocks, Mercury's perihelion advance, gravitational redshift, light deflection, and propagation delay are reorganized into a coherent NNRT framework. Equations that have the same mathematical form as those of conventional theories are assigned to measurement relations derived from NNRT's independent construction conditions, rather than treated as grounds for retaining the conventional ontology of real spacetime. A comprehensive change in theoretical direction is proposed: observational spacetime is constructed from motion and the action of sources in universal spacetime, without adopting the principle that the only real spacetime contracts under LT and curves under gravity.